Annotated Bibliography formal paper #2

Jamaica Kincaid, " Girl". Read reading America: cultural and contexts for critical thinking and writing. Eight Edition.The New Yorker. Web.1983.

 In this lecture it refers to a woman's role that is  based on manners and a daily schedule at home in what a woman should be doing. It mentions an important message to avoid an issue relative to a reputation perhaps. And women would become a slut if they avoid following any of these rules of acting and doing. It emphasizes women's role according to decades ago, and to avoid becoming a "slut" if  certain rules are not followed. It reflects women's dependency of men or family in matter of control. It is understandable that women need protection in some circumstances and family wants to protect them like a support but it seems to be a lot of control over a  human being just because  of what people might think.

 Joan Morgan, " From Fly - Girls to Bitches and Hos". Read reading America: cultural and contexts for critical thinking and writing. Eight Edition.The New Yorker Times. Print. 1999.

 Morgan, states that African Americans use rap music  as a cover to hide sex and pain. At the same time she mention in a another quote that whenever she listens hip hop music her own brothers (African Americans) call them "bitches and hos" referring to African American women. Morgan loves hip hop music but she disagree when she found in the lyrics an offensive denigration words towards  black women. As a feminist she finds it very disappointing after having a conversation with a woman who was celebrating her thirty anniversary. Then  she told  her that she was single, so the woman felt sorry for her because she doesn't have a man. Joan makes a suggestion how women shouldn't feel less  because of not having a male partner and having a lower self-esteem because of the fact of  being a woman.

Michael Kimmel, " The guy code". Read reading America: cultural and contexts for critical thinking and writing. University of New York. Eight Edition.

In this article Kimmel, explains masculinity requires to be strong, conservative, and emotionless. He makes an interesting quote " Masculinity is a constant test always ups for grabs, always needing to be proved and the testing starts early". Kimmel  mentions society, cultures and  backgrounds  might be  the reason for men to be as are expected to be seen as strong and invincible. Psychologists  have  researched that boys tend to depress easily more that girls so in consequence men are four times disturbed that women. These consequences  might be the result of suppressing emotions. It seems like they have follow certain rules in what to share or not share emotionally. It's like a code that it is prohibited to show how you feel. Which is not surprising in this type of society. Besides what we think we might consider what is best for ourselves.

Proposal #2

Title: "Bros before Hos": The guy code.
Author: Michael Kimmel
Date: 2008
Topic: The ideology of men being a "man".
Analysis of Argument

Exigence: To face up the oppression of  the ideas of society in matter of manhood.
Intended Audience: The pros and cons of " the guy code".
Purpose: To improve everybody's judgments to develop a new set of rules.
Claim: The suppression to become a man according to the ideas of society.

Main Evidence:

   The sociologist  Michael Kimmel states that "Masculinity is a constant test always up for grabs, always needed to be proved. And the testing starts early" (615). Another statement was made by Eminem (rap singer) who repeatedly used the word "faggot" in his lyrics. During he was interviewed he said " faggot doesn't necessarily mean gay people. Faggot to me just means taking away your manhood". It exist several people with the same way of thinking. Masculinity means to be though and hide their emotions. Consequently, men are more susceptible to get depressed, get out of control and men are diagnosed as emotionally disturbed according to  Michael Thomson, Dan Kindlon (616).

Rhetorical Analysis:

Writer's Strategy 1: He made a convincing analysis proving through a study of  psychological development that boys tend to get emotionally depressed more often than girls.
Writer's Strategy 2: Cause and effect.
Writer's Strategy 3: Kimmel  also based his searching to others writers' studies.
Reader Effect # 1: Accurate information.
Reader Effect # 2: Individualized our ideas help to have an open view towards society's problems.
Reader Effect # 3: I have had a different  opinion towards  masculinity, so  it is being prove by Kimmel's article, and his professional analysis.

    Kimmel's article described a powerful analysis of  "masculinity". He showed how dangerous it is to be as society wants us to be. According to society men should not show their emotions because it means  not being a man but being gay. Michael analyzed the terrible consequences it brings just because society doesn't agree with. It is really sad when people think that way, first at all everybody has feelings, and it is impossible not to get affected by suppressing them. Secondly, our backgrounds affect us in some point in our lives, but we can change that if we want to be emotionally stable. And third, It is pretty brave to show emotions in this society, because it shows that we are humans and not a puppet that society can do wherever they want with us. I understand that not everybody will agree with this but I don't care that's my personal opinion. I just want people to be healthy and happy. It all depends of our points of views differ to one another. To be man doesn't mean to be arrogant, flashy  or tougher but it means to be easy to approach, nice and responsible. That;s a man. Taking responsibility of his own actions, that's a man. But again this is my personal response.

RA#3

Title: Girl

Author: Jamaica Kincaid

Date: 1983

Analysis Of Argument

Exigence: The lack of opportunities to develop  in society as a person and not only  as a woman. Who is capable to be productive in  the "man's world".

Intended Audience: To change the original women's role in order to create and  extent a new "women's role" to produce for society.

Purpose: To create a variety of ideas in society and equalize women's rights as men.

Claim: Women have being minimized in the last  decades for a simple fact of being women. Men have had the believe that women belong to the kitchen and they are good just to follow rules.

Main Evidence

   Jamaica Kincaid highlights women's struggles to be accepted  as part of society as men in matter of behavior and manners. According to Kincaid a woman was seeing as somebody who had to obey by following a daily schedule and behave certain way as a woman that's the way it is suppose to be. In the reading shows a dialogue between a mother and a daughter about a certain schedule that the daughter had to follow everyday. This article was published in 1983 by the New Yorker. (525). Kincaid describes  how her daily routine was by writing a schedule that she had to do so she doesn't show her feelings towards a mandatory duties and behavior that men had not to worry about. I couldn't tell if she disagree or not of what her mom's idea was towards women.

   My response to Kincaid's writing has to do a little bit based on my back ground. My grand mom and mom (R.I.P)  suffered so much because of men my dad and grandfather. My mom observed how my grandfather mistreated my grand mom beats, verbal abuse  and I observed how my dad mistreated my mom same scenario, so it affected me so much that every time I have to talk about this I hate men. Both of them did not have the right tools to face that, because my grand mom barely went to school and mom did not take the opportunity to study further high school so that did not help them out. Fortunately, My mom and grand mom thought me how to be independent by going to school, work and not depending on men and all except for my father. Fortunately,  My father supported me, so I followed what they thought me and I broke a generation of mistreatment like an unhealthy  cycle. Now, I am happily married to a wonderful man that support my ideas and he had never hit me or abuse me verbally. Women have the power to change how they want to live and who they want to live with so all depends on how much believe in ourselves. That   gave me the power to became who I am now. I am so proud of myself that I want everybody to live  the way I  live free of mistreatment and minimization. I agreed that women should behave certain way but without dictatorship or excluding man of responsibilities of the house. I would say that men and women should work together like a team, free of preferences because of gender. The best chefs are men so I don't see why women are the ones always cooking at home, so I think that men and women deserve the same treatment.

RA#2

Title: From fly-girls to Bitches and Hos

Author: Joan Morgan

Date: 1999

Topic: The right to  be dignified as women  from our own culture's ideas.

Analysis of Argument

Exigence: The man's power through music represents an idea to evaluate a woman's role such as a sexual object.

Intended Audience:  To eliminate the idea of being  just women and to be able to value themselves as a  human been and not tolerating to be a sexual target.

Purpose: To show that women's sexuality has been used to denigrated their identity and it has  nothing to do with their roles. As human been, They deserve to be treated equal as men without taking advantages.

Claim: take a determination to change peoples' ideas in order to dignified women's identity and admitting that women are a big part of society.

Main Evidence

    Now a days we live in a society that  music is an important way to express our toughs or emotions. According to the Author Joan Morgan hip hop music can reflect that men use it to treat women  as "bitches and hos" and " this is crystal clear to me when I am listening to hip hop. yeah sistas are hurt when we hear brothers calling us bitches and hos" (604). these words it  denigrate them for a simple fact as being a woman. The treatment form that music used it can be  based on what exactly  men see women in general. On the other hand, men don't have a challenge to make their rights valid as  women do. This kind of " machismo" or dominance it  can be unintentional or intentional, moreover women have  to self respect letting their rights as human beings make them valid.

Rhetorical Analysis:

Writer's strategy 1: To involve women in a common ground.

Writer's strategy 2:It describe the actions and consequences with this kind of  state of mind.

Writer's strategy 3 it includes some proof relative to what she is talking about.

Reader Effect #1 Joan Morgan highlight her main idea about women means more than " beats or booty shaking"
Reader Effect #2 Logos is being used in describing how black women are victims of black men by killing other black males and leaving  women leading their households.
 Reader Effect #3 Effective approaches are found in the reading such as proof of U.S census a decreasing of two parent household from 74 percent to 48 percent since 1960.

Response :  My response to this reading is that everyone should be treated equal men, women and children but unfortunately cultures shape  the way we think. Our backgrounds differs to one another. In other cultures  women still are getting kill because they disrespect  their man. Sometimes thinking independently and not following our culture is a better decision that we can make. As people we should not tolerate being verbal abuse, sexual abuse or psychical abuse so  women are people and they should be treated as a human being.

Reader Response #2

      Women's role has been seeing as a housewife and mother of her children for decades. During the depression times in 1920s, they had no opportunities to get a job, or to go to school for they have been considered less capable to do that. Now, it seems that it is still happening. According to Kilbourne Today's  advertising industry shows men'  power over women, and it also  shows women being "objectified" for their bodies as being used as attraction to sell what they are advertising. The "unequal" powers between men and women are based on culture, physical  strength and Independence which means a woman can't walk alone on the streets wearing provocative clothing without being attack by a rapist or assuming she is a prostitute.

     Women's ads it shows  how they  are being treated  in real life as care taker at home and  as  commercial item . As Kilbourne mentioned that "ads affected us in damaging way"  which means that women are being used for their bodies potentially attract those sales, and have less respect than men. Women own a beautiful body; it doesn't matter if we are thick, skinny or though. We are still beautiful, then we exploit our beauty without noticing that people our taking advantages of. The ads make a point of reality of supporting  the idea that men have the power over women , and they can do wherever they want.

    Men own the respect already than women have to gain the respect. Men hasn't being affected by an ad, instead it is charming to see a guy with the shirt off. however for women it can be seen as pornography. An example; men always got  respect without being married or being with a woman, but women have to gain that  respect by others, so  we have to be married to gain respect otherwise women are seeing as "sluts" like
an abandoned object . On the other hand,men are allow to have sexual  fantasies and they are not blame for it in fact they allow themselves to have the freedom as a person to walk on the streets alone  without worrying about having his car keys ready  like a woman.

    The idea of society how women should be seen as if  they need to be protected for having less strength   People sees women as less chance of having a physical  job and not being capable to work. For example, construction companies has the potential of  hiring a man than a woman for obvious reasons; women are not strong enough. According to Kilbourne " domestic violence is a leading cause of female injury in almost every country in the world" (585). Men take advantage of women being less stronger, moreover they hit them by showing they have power. I think there are ways to defend our selves and teach them to respect us in one way or another.

    Finally, I believe that women have progress during all this time. Women work and take care of the house at the same time as a guy can do it as well. It is true women are different than men in certain areas like strength or roughness, but women are capable to be seeing as a human being not as a sexual  object.


   

Final Draft Prop 30

The California public school system has been struggling economically since 2011. The legislature passed a law transferring programs about $6 billion of the state tax revenues to local governments annually. Moreover, one of these programs and responsibilities were incarcerating certain adult offenders, supervising paroles and providing substance abuse treatment services. For the state of California became affected by larger budget cuts for the last two years. However, prop 30 will increases sales tax rate by one quarter cent for every dollar for four years, and it will be a personal income tax increase on annual earnings over $250,000 for seven years to stop another $6 billion in cuts to our schools this year. And prevent steep tuition hikes for college students and their families. Proposition 30 has proposed a lot of possibilities to change financially our school public system, for our existing decadent economic situation.

            The benefits of prop 30 have been accurate and realistic during the time of proposing. According to L.A  Times, “ Guarantees funding will be provided  for public safety services realigned from state to local governments” This means that the  money will go towards safety, and  will rebuild  our economy situation, moreover, the temporary tax revenues are 89% to k-12 and 11% will go to community colleges. These benefits can’t be turn down, or we will bite to the dust. It’s like taking no chance towards the future and no opportunities for students and new programs.

             The opponents argue about prop 30 not being the right solution to avoid budget cuts and provide what prop 30 promises. The site  Htt p://www.sfgate.com/opinion/openforum/article/No-on-Prop-30-gimmick-not-a-solution-3934241.php article says that  "Jerry Brown strike fear in voter’s heart by threatening people that it will be more budget cuts if prop 30 doesn’t pass, and it is crucial for everybody to have that prop 30 pass". Politicians have been waiting for prop 30 to pass, and can probably be an excellent chance to persuade us to believe what they want us to believe. According to SF Gate is a “shell game by politicians” which means that Instead, under Prop. 30, politicians can take existing money for schools, and use it for other programs and then replace that money with the new taxes. It also can mean that it doesn't guarantee new funding for schools.

            Proposition 30 seems to be the better solution to get financial situation for schools and public safety. The site of the http://www.sfgate.com/opinion/openforum/article/Yes-on-Prop-30-money-for-schools-3934243.php says "Proposition 30, is clearly the better choice because of  a brief period of time, proffering the chances economically  for  the limited effect of  lower- and middle-class Californians". But Proposition 30 also contains a provision vitally important to the state: a state Constitution guarantee of local public safety funding for costs stemming from prison realignment. Proposition 30 is determinate to stop this financial bleed by increasing state income taxes on the wealthiest Californians, but couples making less than $500,000 per year will pay no additional state income tax. It also would increase state sales taxes on all Californians. Definitely, Prop 30 seems to be the better choice for everybody. I can’t see another solution, besides prop 30. On another hand, Proposition38 can’t be a better choice than prop 30, because supporters say," it's Proposition 38, a $10 billion annual tax bite that will increase state income taxes on a sliding scale for twelve years". For example, if you earn as little as $17,346 a year, your state income taxes will go up. Also the proposition 38  will withhold funds to further to support the financial means in future education for our next generation, but again there is nothing to keep lawmakers from simply shifting money now spent on schools to other programs once the new revenue stream starts flowing.

            My financial experience in community college has change since 2003. In 2003 I started attending Cabrillo College. At the time every unit cost around $15 or $17 dollars and books were way cheaper compare to today’s prices. The cost of transportation was a dollar or less. I remember I could get register easily two weeks before classes started, or I usually got a spot on the wait list and got register easily. And now, I have seen students walked out the door when they get register a week before classes started, or they weren’t register on the main roaster. I have paid the price for expensive classes, books and units, and I have seen prices of school programs going up because of budget cuts. It is depressing how education system collapsed in a financial way. Now, is urgent more than ever to support proposition 30.

            In conclusion , our school public system has been in a decadent financial situation  for the last two years, and we need a solution to face it up. Prop 30 offers increasing taxes by ¼ cent for four years. It means we will get back those $6 billion dollars that it went to programs to help trouble people. Since the legislature passed a law for programs such as abuse treatment and incarcerating, Therefore I have experienced the rising cost within in our school system,so it  is starting to unable students to afford to go to college. Instead if pro 30 doesn't pass eventually our future generation won't have a choice besides working for minimum wage jobs.

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Rough Draft

Taxes have been a debated issue between people for and people against prop 30 since September 2012. According to L.A times increasing personal income taxes annual to $25,000 per person who makes that much will be increased to one quarter cent for every dollar for four years. The benefits would be towards education; 89% to k-12 schools and 11% to community colleges and including Cal fire, police. However, people against prop 30 this money would be towards politicians and their satisfaction. It also will kill jobs, destroy businesses, it doesn’t guarantee any new funding for schools and includes no reform. What are the chances to prove if prop 30 is a real solution for us as students and for others making less money than anybody else? Or we can think of prop 30 a hope to embrace for everybody.

            The change made by the state of California that it blew out the finances in 2011.  The pay for these new obligations, the Legislature passed a law transferring about $6 billion of state tax revenues to local governments annually. These programs and responsibilities include incarcerating certain adult offenders, supervising parolees, and providing substance abuse treatment services. To pay for these new obligations, it hit us directly to our pockets because we had to pay for trouble people in jail instead they should came up with their money. It is understandable to make programs for people they want to change their way of thinking and succeed. It wouldn’t be any problem, but people that they don’t want to change it wouldn’t be such a program. It can be count as a waste of money for some people.

              The financial situation has been through changes during times in California State until today. The checks for retirement are smaller than twenty years ago, and also the state pays less per students than before. In 2000 schools I recall attending to adult school to learn English, and taking the bus. At the time transportation and classes were free, so our teachers always emphasized to students like me a “foreigner” coming from another country to attend to class and take advantages of what the schools offered to us. I am glad I did, but I feel sorry for others that they didn’t. Now adult schools charges at least twenty to thirty dollars for semester not including supplies like paper, glue, pencils. Now whoever wants to attend adult school they have to pay? In 2003 I started attending Cabrillo College. At the time every unit cost fifteen or seventeen dollars, and the bus cost a dollar or less. I remember that I could get register two weeks before classes started or I got a spot in the waiting list but I still could get register. Those were memorable times for me.

The surrounding of a “shell game by politicians” threatening big cuts to schools if prop 30 does not pass. According to SF Gate, Jerry Brown strike fear in voters heart by threatening people that it will be more budget cuts if   prop 30 doesn’t pass, and it is crucial for everybody to make that happened. Politicians has being waiting for prop 30 to pass, and it can probably  be an excellent chance to persuade us to believe what they want us to believe. Should we vote for prop 30, or we shouldn’t? It is up to us to decide what’s better

for us

           At the end, it would be a great solution for our financial situation to get students opportunities and other people if prop 30 result the real deal. But it would be devastating if our money ended up in politician’s pockets, instead of education, safety and more programs beneficial to students. On the other hand we will get the $6 million invested in transferred programs back.